[MonikaT]

Obviously, a topically-applied cream will get into the bloodstream. Progesterone cream, testosterone cream, estrogen cream, nitroglycerine patches, nicotine patches, etc. all prove this. The problem, as I understand it, is that PM needs to pass through the liver to become what it is we want it to become so it does what we want it to do. Apparently, this does not happen when applied to the skin. That said, other than greed, there must be some reason Ainterol recommends using the cream in addition to pills or powder to improve results.

Just to clarify some of the underlying physiology:

EVERYTHING that enters the bloodstream, no matter how it gets there, passes through the liver. Period. No exceptions. That's how the circulatory system works.

Topically applied PM is no different than any other substance/drug applied to the skin. The hope of those applying PM cream directly to the breasts is that it will stay in the region of the breasts and have a more direct effect that way. I find this laughable (but, to each his own) since ANYTHING absorbed by the skin must first pass through the extensive subcutaneous capillary beds, ie the part of the circulatory system specifically designed to exchange nutrients, waste products, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc with the surrounding tissue.

Ainterol and others sell PM cream to meet customer demand, since "hope springs eternal in the human breast."

I wasn't clear enough. I remember reading somewhere in this forum that for PM to do its job, it has to make the double pass through the liver which only happens when going through the digestive tract, something that is undesirable when taking pharmaceutical hormones. And it is the double pass that does not occur when PM is topically applied. Obviously, I have no clue if the claim is correct that the double pass through the liver is required for PM to work. I apologize for any confusion I caused by my original response.